Mango trees are the name of a mango-producing plant that is said to have originated from around the Indian border with Burma. Mangoes (Mangifera indica L) are now widely grown and cultivated in Indonesia. Mangoes are included in the group drupa (stone fruit) which has seeds and fruit flesh.
Mango plants are cultivated for fruit. Common ripe fruit is eaten fresh, as a table fruit or ice mixture, in the form of slices or blenders. Young fruit is often visited, or sold on the edge of the road after being peeled, split and equipped with salt spices with chili. Mangoes are also processed as sweets, dried fruit slices, canned and others.
In various regions of Indonesia, sour (old or young) mangoes are often used as a mixture of chili or fish and meat dishes. Mango plants, including the Anarcadiaceae tribe, form trees with a height reaching 10-40 meters with a stem diameter around 80-100cm.
The stems are gray, the skin is unevenly divided and the sap is clear white. For growth does not require heavy conditions, plants can grow well at an altitude of 300-500m above sea level, especially on loose soil with a pH of 5-6 and well watered. The climate needed for growth is one that has a dry period of about 3-4 months.
1. Types of Mango Varieties in Indonesia
In Indonesia there are many types and varieties of mangoes, the forms of mangoes vary depending on the variety. There are mangoes that are round, ovoid and elongated oval. Some of the well-known mango varieties in Indonesia include gadung mango (arumanis), mango golek, honey mango, manalagi mango, cengkir mango, kedong mango and so on.
The mangoes are round, mango gedong varieties, gadung mango, indramayu mango and oval-shaped arumanis mango. Whereas the fruit mangoes are elongated in shape.
2. Requirements for Growing Mango Plants
Mango plants, including the Anarcadiaceae tribe, form trees with a height reaching 10-40 meters with a stem diameter around 80-100cm. The stems are gray, the skin is unevenly divided and the sap is clear white. For growth does not require heavy conditions, plants can grow well at an altitude of 300-500m above sea level, especially on loose soil with pH 5.0 - 6.0 and well-watered. The climate needed for growth is one that has a dry period of about 3-4 months.
3. Preparation of Mango Seedlings
Before planting mango trees, of course the first thing to do is prepare plant seeds. Choose quality seeds from varieties that are preferred or adapted to local market tastes. Mango seeds can be obtained by buying at the seller of plant seeds. Be careful when buying seeds, make sure you buy seeds at a trusted trader.
Mango plant seeds can also be made by yourself. Mangoes are propagated generatively and vegetatively, which is propagation through seeds, grafts and grafting. To obtain optimal results you should avoid multiplying plants from seeds. Plants that are propagated through seeds take a long time to bear fruit (7 more years). plant properties also often deviate from the nature of the parent.
4. Preparation of Mango Cultivation Land
The garden is cleared of bushes and wild plants, then the spacing is measured and marked by stakes at the planting point. The spacing of mango trees is ideally 10 m x 10 m or 12 m x 12 m. Make a planting hole at the specified planting point.
On hard-textured soil planting holes are made with a size of 1 m x 1 m x 1 m. Whereas in loose soil the planting hole can be smaller, which is around 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm. The planting hole is then left open for approximately 1 month to neutralize the soil pH. It is better to measure the soil pH and sprinkle agricultural lime if the pH is below 5.0.
When making a planting hole, the excavated soil should be separated between the topsoil and the subsoil. Topsoil is the topmost layer of soil which contains a lot of nutrients. 7 or 10 days before planting holes are backfilled using a mixture of soil and manure, with a ratio of 2 parts of soil and 1 part of manure. When stockpiling the hole, the soil layer should be conditioned as before, that is, the bottom layer is first inserted and then the next layer of soil is followed. Making a planting hole should be done about 1 month before the rainy season arrives.
EmoticonEmoticon